BACKGROUND
Baseline lung allograft dysfunction (BLAD), the failure to achieve ≥80%-predicted
spirometry after lung transplant (LTx), is associated with impaired survival. Physiologic
abnormalities in BLAD are poorly understood. Airway oscillometry measures respiratory
system mechanics and may provide insight into understanding the mechanisms of BLAD.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to describe and measure the association between airway oscillometry
parameters [Reactance (Xrs5, Ax), Resistance (Rrs5, Rrs5-19)] (1) stable LTx recipients, comparing those with normal spirometry and those with
BLAD; and (2) in recipients with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), comparing
those with normal baseline spirometry and those with BLAD.
METHODS
A multi-center cross-sectional study was performed including bilateral LTx between
January 2020 and June 2021. Participants performed concurrent airway oscillometry
and spirometry. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to measure the association
between oscillometry parameters and BLAD.
RESULTS
A total of 404 LTx recipients performed oscillometry and 253 were included for analysis.
Stable allograft function was confirmed in 149 (50.2%) recipients (92 (61.7%) achieving
normal spirometry and 57 (38.3%) with BLAD). Among stable LTx recipients, lower Xrs5 Z-Score (aOR 0.50 95% CI 0.37-0.76, p = 0.001) was independently associated with BLAD. CLAD was present in 104 (35.0%)
recipients. Among recipients with CLAD, lower Xrs5 Z-Score (aOR 0.73 95% CI 0.56-0.95, p = 0.02) was associated with BLAD.
CONCLUSIONS
Oscillometry provides novel physiologic insights into mechanisms of BLAD. The independent
association between Xrs5 and BLAD, in both stable recipients and those with CLAD suggests that respiratory
mechanics, in particular abnormal elastance, is an important physiologic feature.
Further longitudinal studies are needed to understand the trajectory of oscillometry
parameters in relation to allograft outcomes.
KEYWORDS
Abbreviations:
BLAD (Baseline Lung Allograft Dysfunction), CLAD (Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction), ACR (Acute cellular rejection), PGD (Primary Graft Dysfunction), COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), ERS (European Respiratory Society), ATS (American Thoracic Society), ICU (Intensive Care Unit), FEV1 (Forced expiratory volume in 1 second), FVC (Forced vital capacity)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Publication history
Published online: January 05, 2023
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