The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
Volume 29, Issue 11 , Pages 1231-1239 , November 2010

Construct validity of the definition of primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation

  • Jason D. Christie, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Jason D. Christie, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 423 Guardian Dr, 719 Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104. Telephone: 215 573-3209. Fax: 215 573-0198
    • ,
  • Scarlett Bellamy, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Lorraine B. Ware, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
    • ,
  • David Lederer, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
    • ,
  • Denis Hadjiliadis, MD, MHS

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • James Lee, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Nancy Robinson, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • A. Russell Localio, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Keith Wille, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
    • ,
  • Vibha Lama, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
    • ,
  • Scott Palmer, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
    • ,
  • Jonathan Orens, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
    • ,
  • Ann Weinacker, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
    • ,
  • Maria Crespo, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Ejigaehu Demissie, MSN

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Stephen E. Kimmel, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • Cardiovascular Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Steven M. Kawut, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

References 

  1. Arcasoy SM, Fisher A, Hachem RR, et al. Report of the ISHLT Working Group on Primary Lung Graft Dysfunction part V: predictors and outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24:1483–1488
  2. Christie JD, Bavaria JE, Palevsky HI, et al. Primary Graft Failure following lung transplantation. Chest. 1998;114:51–60
  3. Christie JD, Kotloff RM, Ahya VN, et al. The effect of primary graft dysfunction on survival after lung transplantation. Am J Respir Criti Care Med. 2005;171:1312–1316
  4. Christie JD, Kotloff RM, Pochettino A, et al. Clinical risk factors for primary graft failure following lung transplantation. Chest. 2003;124:1232–1241
  5. King RC, Binns OA, Rodriguez F, et al. Reperfusion injury significantly impacts clinical outcome after pulmonary transplantation. Ann Thorac Surgery. 2000;69:1681–1685
  6. Christie JD, Carby M, Bag R, et al. Report of the ISHLT Working Group on Primary Lung Graft Dysfunction part II: definition (A consensus statement of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation). J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24:1454–1459
  7. Christie JD, Van Raemdonck D, de Perrot M, et al. Report of the ISHLT Working Group on Primary Lung Graft Dysfunction part I: introduction and methods. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24:1451–1453
  8. Oto T, Levvey BJ, Snell GI. Potential refinements of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation primary graft dysfunction grading system. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2007;26:431–436
  9. Zaas D, Palmer SM. Respiratory failure after lung transplantation: now that we know the extent of the problem, what are the solutions?. Chest. 2003;123:14–16
  10. Chatilla WM, Furukawa S, Gaughan JP, et al. Respiratory failure after lung transplantation. Chest. 2003;123:165–173
  11. Thabut G, Vinatier I, Stern JB, et al. Primary graft failure following lung transplantation: predicitive factors of mortality. Chest. 2002;121:1876–1882
  12. Whitson BA, Prekker ME, Herrington CS, et al. Primary graft dysfunction and long-term pulmonary function after lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2007;26:1004–1011
  13. Barr ML, Kawut SM, Whelan TP, et al. Report of the ISHLT Working Group on Primary Lung Graft Dysfunction part IV: recipient-related risk factors and markers. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24:1468–1482
  14. de Perrot M, Bonser RS, Dark J, et al. Report of the ISHLT Working Group on Primary Lung Graft Dysfunction part III: donor-related risk factors and markers. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24:1460–1467
  15. Oto T, Levvey BJ, Snell GI. Potential refinements of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation primary graft dysfunction grading system. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2007;26:431–436
  16. Christie JD, Robinson N, Ware LB, et al. Association of protein C and type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor with primary graft dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;175:69–74
  17. Covarrubias M, Ware LB, Kawut SM, et al. Plasma intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and von Willebrand factor in primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2007;7:2573–2578
  18. Christie JD, Carby M, Bag R, et al. Report of the ISHLT Working Group on Primary Lung Graft Dysfunction part II: definition (A consensus statement of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation). J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24:1454–1459
  19. Ware LB, Fang X, Matthay MA. Protein C and thrombomodulin in human acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2003;285:L514–L521
  20. Flori HR, Ware LB, Glidden D, et al. Early elevation of plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in pediatric acute lung injury identifies patients at increased risk of death and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2003;4:315–321
  21. Covarrubias M, Ware LB, Kawut SM, et al. Plasma intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and von Willebrand factor in primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2007;7:2573–2578
  22. Plomin R, Haworth CMA, Davis OSP. Common disorders are quantitative traits. Nat Rev Genet. 2009;10:872–878
  23. Daud SA, Yusen RD, Meyers BF, et al. Impact of immediate primary lung allograft dysfunction on bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;175:507–513
  24. Whitson BA, Nath DS, Johnson AC, et al. Risk factors for primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006;131:73–80
  25. Ransohoff DF, Feinstein AR. Problems of spectrum and bias in evaluating the efficacy of diagnostic tests. N Engl J Med. 1978;299:926–930
  26. Halloran PF, Homik J, Goes N, et al. The “injury response”: a concept linking nonspecific injury, acute rejection, and long-term transplant outcomes. Transplant Proc. 1997;29:79–81
  27. Prekker ME, Herrington CS, Hertz MI, et al. Early Trends in PaO(2)/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio predict outcome in lung transplant recipients with severe primary graft dysfunction. Chest. 2007;132:991–997
  28. Sekine Y, Waddell TK, Matte-Martyn A, et al. Risk quantification of early outcome after lung transplantation: donor, recipient, operative, and post-transplant parameters. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2004;23:96–104

PII: S1053-2498(10)00294-9

doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2010.05.013

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
Volume 29, Issue 11 , Pages 1231-1239 , November 2010

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