The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
Volume 29, Issue 6 , Pages 625-632 , June 2010

Decline in rejection in the first year after pediatric cardiac transplantation: A multi-institutional study

  • Jeffrey G. Gossett, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Jeffrey G. Gossett, MD, FAAP, 2300 Children's Plaza, Box 21, Chicago, IL 60614. Telephone: 773-880-4553. Fax: 773-880-8111
    • ,
  • Charles E. Canter, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri
    • ,
  • Jie Zheng, MS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri
    • ,
  • Kenneth Schechtman, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri
    • ,
  • Elizabeth D. Blume, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
    • ,
  • Sherrie Rodgers, MSN, CPNP

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
    • ,
  • David C. Naftel, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
    • ,
  • James K. Kirklin, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
    • ,
  • Janet Scheel, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
    • ,
  • Fredrick J. Fricker, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
    • ,
  • Paul Kantor, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • ,
  • Elfriede Pahl, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
    • ,
  • Pediatric Heart Transplant Study Investigators

References 

  1. Shaddy RE, Naftel DC, Kirklin JK, et al. Outcome of cardiac transplantation in children (survival in a contemporary multi-institutional experience. Pediatric Heart Transplant Study). Circulation. 1996;94:II69–II73
  2. Zuppan CW, Wells LM, Kerstetter JC, Johnston JK, Bailey LL, Chinnock RE. Cause of death in pediatric and infant heart transplant recipients: review of a 20-year single-institution cohort. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2009;28:579–584
  3. Boucek MM, Aurora P, Edwards LB, et al. Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: tenth official pediatric heart transplantation report—2007. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2007;26:796–807
  4. Kirklin JK, Naftel D, Bourge RC, et al. Rejection after cardiac transplantation; a time-related risk factor analysis. Circulation. 1992;86(suppl II):II-236–II-241
  5. Webber SA, Naftel DC, Parker J, et al. Late rejection episodes more than 1 year after pediatric heart transplantation: risk factors and outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2003;22:869–875
  6. Morales DL, Dreyer WJ, Denfield SW, et al. Over two decades of pediatric heart transplantation: how has survival changed?. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;133:632–639
  7. Mills RM, Naftel DC, Kirklin JK, et al. Heart transplant rejection with hemodynamic compromise: a multiinstitutional study of the role of endomyocardial cellular infiltrate (Cardiac Transplant Research Database). J Heart Lung Transplant. 1997;16:813–821
  8. Chin C, Naftel DC, Singh TP, et al. Risk factors for recurrent rejection in pediatric heart transplantation: a multicenter experience. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2004;23:178–185
  9. Pahl E, Naftel DC, Canter CE, et al. Death after rejection with severe hemodynamic compromise in pediatric heart transplant recipients: a multi-institutional study. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2001;20:279–287
  10. Kirklin JK, Brown RN, Huang ST, et al. Rejection with hemodynamic compromise: objective evidence for efficacy of photopheresis. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2006;25:283–288
  11. Kubo SH, Naftel DC, Mills RMJ, et al. Risk factors for late recurrent rejection after heart transplantation: a multiinstitutional, multivariable analysis (Cardiac Transplant Research Database Group). J Heart Lung Transplant. 1995;14:409–418
  12. Stewart S, Winters GL, Fishbein MC, et al. Revision of the 1990 working formulation for the standardization of nomenclature in the diagnosis of heart rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24:1710–1720
  13. Billingham M, Cary N, Hammond M, et al. A working formulation for the standardization of nomenclature in the diagnosis of heart and lung rejection: Heart Rejection Study Group (The International Society for Heart Transplantation). J Heart Transplant. 1990;1990:587–593
  14. Auerbach SR, Manlhiot C, Reddy S, et al. Recipient genotype is a predictor of allograft cytokine expression and outcomes after pediatric cardiac transplantation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:1909–1917
  15. Girnita DM, Brooks MM, Webber SA, et al. Genetic polymorphisms impact the risk of acute rejection in pediatric heart transplantation: a multi-institutional study. Transplantation. 2008;85:1632–1639
  16. Fedson SE, Daniel SS, Husain AN. Immunohistochemistry staining of C4d to diagnose antibody-mediated rejection in cardiac transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2008;27:372–379
  17. Kfoury AG, Hammond MEH, Snow GL, et al. Early screening for antibody-mediated rejection in heart transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2007;26:1264–1269
  18. Rodriguez ER, Skojec DV, Tan CD, et al. Antibody-mediated rejection in human cardiac allografts: evaluation of immunoglobulins and complement activation products C4d and C3d as markers. Am J Transplant. 2005;5:2778–2785
  19. Levi D, DeConde A, Fishbein M, Burch C, Alejos J, Wetzel G. The yield of surveillance endomyocardial biopsies as a screen for cellular rejection in pediatric heart transplant patients. Pediatr Transplant. 2004;8:22–28
  20. Balzer D, Moorhead S, Saffitz J, Huddleston C, Spray T, Canter C. Utility of surveillance biopsies in infant heart transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1995;14:1095–1101
  21. Boucek MM, Mathis C, Boucek RJ, et al. Prospective evaluation of echocardiography for primary rejection surveillance after infant heart transplantation: comparison with endomyocardial biopsy. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1994;13:66–73
  22. Wagner K, Oliver MC, Boyle GJ, et al. Endomyocardial biopsy in pediatric heart transplant recipients: a useful exercise? (Analysis of 1169 biopsies). Pediatr Transplant. 2000;4:186
  23. Rosenthal DN, Chin C, Nishimura K, et al. Identifying cardiac transplant rejection in children: diagnostic utility of echocardiography, right heart catheterization and endomyocardial biopsy data. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2004;23:323–329
  24. Leonard GT, Fricker FJ, Pruett D, Harker K, Williams B, Schowengerdt KOJ. Increased myocardial performance index correlates with biopsy-proven rejection in pediatric heart transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2006;25:61–66
  25. Zales V, Crawford SE, Backer CL, et al. Role of endomyocardial biopsy in rejection surveillance after heart transplantation in neonates and children. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;23:766–771
  26. Ibrahim JE, Sweet SC, Flippin M, et al. Rejection is reduced in thoracic organ recipients when transplanted in the first year of life. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2002;21:311–318
  27. Itescu S, Tung TC, Burke EM, et al. Preformed IgG antibodies against major histocompatibility complex class II antigens are major risk factors for high-grade cellular rejection in recipients of heart transplantation. Circulation. 1998;786–793
  28. Ringewald JM, Gidding SS, Crawford SE, Backer CL, Mavroudis C, Pahl E. Nonadherence is associated with late rejection in pediatric heart transplant recipients. J Pediatr. 2001;139:75–78
  29. Flippin M, Balzer D, Murphy PR, et al. Rejection with heart failure after pediatric cardiac transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999;68:176–180
  30. Manginas A, Tsiavou A, Sfyrakis P, et al. Increased number of circulating progenitor cells after implantation of ventricular assist devices. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2009;28:710–717
  31. Armitage JM, Fricker FJ, Del Nido P, Cipriani L, Starzl TE. The clinical trial of FK506 as primary and rescue immunosuppression in pediatric cardiac transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1991;23:3058–3060
  32. Herzberg GZ, Rossi AF, Courtney M, et al. Usefulness of tacrolimus versus cyclosporine after pediatric heart transplantation. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82:541–543
  33. Swenson JM, Fricker FJ, Armitage JM, Swenson JM, Fricker FJ, Armitage JM. Immunosuppression switch in pediatric heart transplant recipients: cyclosporine to FK 506. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;25:1183–1188
  34. Armitage JM, Fricker FJ, Del Nido P, Starzl TE, Hardesty RL, Griffith BP. A decade (1982–1992) of pediatric cardiac transplantation and the impact of FK 506 immunosuppression. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1993;105:464–473
  35. Asante-Korang A, Boyle G, Webber SA, Miller SA, Fricker FJ. Experience of FK506 immune suppression in pediatric heart transplantation: a study of long-term adverse effects. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1996;15:415–422
  36. Pollock-Barziv SM, Dipchand AI, McCrindle BW, et al. Randomized clinical trial of tacrolimus- vs cyclosporine-based immunosuppression in pediatric heart transplantation: preliminary results at 15-month follow-up. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2005;24:190–194
  37. Boucek RJ, Naftel DC, Boucek MM, et al. Induction immunotherapy in pediatric heart transplant recipients: a multicenter study. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1999;18:460–469

PII: S1053-2498(09)01530-7

doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.12.009

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
Volume 29, Issue 6 , Pages 625-632 , June 2010

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