The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
Volume 25, Issue 9 , Pages 1024-1042 , September 2006

Listing Criteria for Heart Transplantation: International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Guidelines for the Care of Cardiac Transplant Candidates—2006

Received 27 May 2006 ,Revised 31 May 2006 ,Accepted 16 June 2006.

References 

  1. Mudge GH , Goldstein S , Addonizio LJ , et al.   24th Bethesda Conference: Cardiac transplantation (Task Force 3: Recipient guidelines/prioritization) . J Am Coll Cardiol . 1993;22:21–31
  2. Miller LW . Listing criteria for cardiac transplantation: results of an American Society of Transplant Physicians–National Institutes of Health Conference . Transplantation . 1998;66:947–951
  3. Costanzo MR , Augustine S , Bourge R , et al.   Selection and treatment of candidates for heart transplantation (A statement for health professionals from the Committee on Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation of the Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association) . Circulation . 1995;92:3593–3612
  4. Mancini DM , Eisen H , Kussmaul W , Mull R , Edmunds LH , Wilson JR . Value of peak exercise oxygen consumption for optimal timing of cardiac transplantation in ambulatory patients with heart failure . Circulation . 1991;83:778–786
  5. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial . Lancet . 1999;353:9–13
  6. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF) . Lancet . 1999;353:2001–2007
  7. Packer M , Coats AJ , Fowler MB , et al.   Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure . N Engl J Med . 2001;344:1651–1658
  8. Bristow MR , Saxon LA , Boehmer J , et al.   Cardiac-resynchronization therapy with or without an implantable defibrillator in advanced chronic heart failure . N Engl J Med . 2004;350:2140–2150
  9. Bardy GH , Lee KL , Mark DB , et al.   Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart failure . N Engl J Med . 2005;352:225–237
  10. Metra M , Giubbini R , Nodari S , Boldi E , Modena MG , Dei CL . Differential effects of beta-blockers in patients with heart failure: a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of the long-term effects of metoprolol versus carvedilol . Circulation . 2000;102:546–551
  11. Gullestad L , Manhenke C , Aarsland T , et al.   Effect of metoprolol CR/XL on exercise tolerance in chronic heart failure—a substudy to the MERIT-HF trial . Eur J Heart Fail . 2001;3:463–468
  12. Young JB , Abraham WT , Smith AL , et al.   Combined cardiac resynchronization and implantable cardioversion defibrillation in advanced chronic heart failure: the MIRACLE ICD trial . JAMA . 2003;289:2685–2694
  13. Abraham WT , Young JB , Leon AR , et al.   Effects of cardiac resynchronization on disease progression in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, an indication for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, and mildly symptomatic chronic heart failure . Circulation . 2004;110:2864–2868
  14. Zugck C , Haunstetter A , Kruger C , et al.   Impact of beta-blocker treatment on the prognostic value of currently used risk predictors in congestive heart failure . J Am Coll Cardiol . 2002;39:1615–1622
  15. Pohwani AL , Murali S , Mathier MM , et al.   Impact of beta-blocker therapy on functional capacity criteria for heart transplant listing . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2003;22:78–86
  16. Peterson LR , Schechtman KB , Ewald GA , et al.   Timing of cardiac transplantation in patients with heart failure receiving beta-adrenergic blockers . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2003;22:1141–1148
  17. Lund LH , Aaronson KD , Mancini DM . Predicting survival in ambulatory patients with severe heart failure on beta-blocker therapy . Am J Cardiol . 2003;92:1350–1354
  18. Howley ET , Bassett DR , Welch HG . Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake: review and commentary . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 1995;27:1292–1301
  19. Chua TP , Ponikowski P , Harrington D , et al.   Clinical correlates and prognostic significance of the ventilatory response to exercise in chronic heart failure . J Am Coll Cardiol . 1997;29:1585–1590
  20. Robbins M , Francis G , Pashkow FJ , et al.   Ventilatory and heart rate responses to exercise: better predictors of heart failure mortality than peak oxygen consumption . Circulation . 1999;100:2411–2417
  21. Francis DP , Shamim W , Davies LC , et al.   Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for prognosis in chronic heart failure: continuous and independent prognostic value from VE/Vco2 slope and peak Vo2 . Eur Heart J . 2000;21:154–161
  22. Kleber FX , Vietzke G , Wernecke KD , et al.   Impairment of ventilatory efficiency in heart failure: prognostic impact . Circulation . 2000;101:2803–2809
  23. Gitt AK , Wasserman K , Kilkowski C , et al.   Exercise anaerobic threshold and ventilatory efficiency identify heart failure patients for high risk of early death . Circulation . 2002;106:3079–3084
  24. Arena R , Humphrey R . Comparison of ventilatory expired gas parameters used to predict hospitalization in patients with heart failure . Am Heart J . 2002;143:427–432
  25. Arena R , Myers J , Aslam SS , Varughese EB , Peberdy MA . Peak Vo2 and Ve/Vco2 slope in patients with heart failure: a prognostic comparison . Am Heart J . 2004;147:354–360
  26. Sullivan MJ , Higginbotham MB , Cobb FR . Increased exercise ventilation in patients with chronic heart failure: intact ventilatory control despite hemodynamic and pulmonary abnormalities . Circulation . 1988;77:552–559
  27. Metra M , Dei CL , Panina G , Visioli O . Exercise hyperventilation chronic congestive heart failure, and its relation to functional capacity and hemodynamics . Am J Cardiol . 1992;70:622–628
  28. Stelken AM , Younis LT , Jennison SH , et al.   Prognostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing using percent achieved of predicted peak oxygen uptake for patients with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy . J Am Coll Cardiol . 1996;27:345–352
  29. Osman AF , Mehra MR , Lavie CJ , Nunez E , Milani RV . The incremental prognostic importance of body fat adjusted peak oxygen consumption in chronic heart failure . J Am Coll Cardiol . 2000;36:2126–2131
  30. Stevenson LW , Steimle AE , Fonarow G , et al.   Improvement in exercise capacity of candidates awaiting heart transplantation . J Am Coll Cardiol . 1995;25:163–170
  31. Florea VG , Henein MY , Anker SD , et al.   Prognostic value of changes over time in exercise capacity and echocardiographic measurements in patients with chronic heart failure . Eur Heart J . 2000;21:146–153
  32. Gullestad L , Myers J , Ross H , et al.   Serial exercise testing and prognosis in selected patients considered for cardiac transplantation . Am Heart J . 1998;135:221–229
  33. Aaronson KD , Schwartz JS , Chen TM , Wong KL , Goin JE , Mancini DM . Development and prospective validation of a clinical index to predict survival in ambulatory patients referred for cardiac transplant evaluation . Circulation . 1997;95:2660–2667
  34. Butler J , Khadim G , Paul KM , et al.   Selection of patients for heart transplantation in the current era of heart failure therapy . J Am Coll Cardiol . 2004;43:787–793
  35. Peterson LR , Schechtman KB , Ewald GA , et al.   The effect of beta-adrenergic blockers on the prognostic value of peak exercise oxygen uptake in patients with heart failure . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2003;22:70–77
  36. Koelling TM , Joseph S , Aaronson KD . Heart failure survival score continues to predict clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure receiving beta-blockers . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2004;23:1414–1422
  37. Lund LH , Aaronson KD , Mancini DM . Validation of peak exercise oxygen consumption and the Heart Failure Survival Score for serial risk stratification in advanced heart failure . Am J Cardiol . 2005;95:734–741
  38. Koglin J , Pehlivanli S , Schwaiblmair M , Vogeser M , Cremer P , Von Scheidt W . Role of brain natriuretic peptide in risk stratification of patients with congestive heart failure . J Am Coll Cardiol . 2001;38:1934–1941
  39. Rothenburger M , Wichter T , Schmid C , et al.   Aminoterminal pro type B natriuretic peptide as a predictive and prognostic marker in patients with chronic heart failure . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2004;23:1189–1197
  40. Doust JA , Pietrzak E , Dobson A , Glasziou P . How well does B-type natriuretic peptide predict death and cardiac events in patients with heart failure? (Systematic review) . BMJ . 2005;330:625
  41. Anker SD , Doehner W , Rauchhaus M , et al.   Uric acid and survival in chronic heart failure: validation and application in metabolic, functional, and hemodynamic staging . Circulation . 2003;107:1991–1997
  42. Zugck C , Kruger C , Kell R , et al.   Risk stratification in middle-aged patients with congestive heart failure: prospective comparison of the Heart Failure Survival Score (HFSS) and a simplified two-variable model . Eur J Heart Fail . 2001;3:577–585
  43. Alla F , Briancon S , Juilliere Y , Mertes PM , Villemot JP , Zannad F . Differential clinical prognostic classifications in dilated and ischemic advanced heart failure: the EPICAL study . Am Heart J . 2000;139:895–904
  44. Campana C , Gavazzi A , Berzuini C , et al.   Predictors of prognosis in patients awaiting heart transplantation . J Heart Lung Transplant . 1993;12:756–765
  45. Smits JM , Deng MC , Hummel M , et al.   A prognostic model for predicting waiting-list mortality for a total national cohort of adult heart-transplant candidates . Transplantation . 2003;76:1185–1189
  46. Aaronson KD , Mancini DM . Mortality remains high for outpatient transplant candidates with prolonged (>6 months) waiting list time . J Am Coll Cardiol . 1999;33:1189–1195
  47. Stevenson LW , Hamilton MA , Tillisch IH , et al.   Decreasing survival benefit from cardiac transplantation for outpatients as the waiting list lengthens . J Am Coll Cardiol . 1991;18:919–925
  48. Grigioni F , Barbieri A , Magnani G , et al.   Serial versus isolated assessment of clinical and instrumental parameters in heart failure: prognostic and therapeutic implications . Am Heart J . 2003;146:298–303
  49. Fonarow GC , Adams KF , Abraham WT , Yancy CW , Boscardin WJ . Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure: classification and regression tree analysis . JAMA . 2005;293:572–580
  50. Lee DS , Austin PC , Rouleau JL , Liu PP , Naimark D , Tu JV . Predicting mortality among patients hospitalized for heart failure: derivation and validation of a clinical model . JAMA . 2003;290:2581–2587
  51. Stobierska-Dzierzek B , Awad H , Michler RE . The evolving management of acute right-sided heart failure in cardiac transplant recipients . J Am Coll Cardiol . 2001;38:923–931
  52. Kirklin JK , Naftel DC , Kirklin JW , Blackstone EH , White-Williams C , Bourge RC . Pulmonary vascular resistance and the risk of heart transplantation . J Heart Transplant . 1988;7:331–336
  53. Butler J , Stankewicz MA , Wu J , et al.   Pretransplant reversible pulmonary hypertension predicts higher risk for mortality after cardiac transplantation . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2005;24:170–177
  54. Klotz S , Deng MC , Hanafy D , et al.   Reversible pulmonary hypertension in heart transplant candidates—pretransplant evaluation and outcome after orthotopic heart transplantation . Eur J Heart Fail . 2003;5:645–653
  55. Martin J , Siegenthaler MP , Friesewinkel O , et al.   Implantable left ventricular assist device for treatment of pulmonary hypertension in candidates for orthotopic heart transplantation—a preliminary study . Eur J Cardiothorac Surg . 2004;25:971–977
  56. Costard-Jackle A , Fowler MB . Influence of preoperative pulmonary artery pressure on mortality after heart transplantation: testing of potential reversibility of pulmonary hypertension with nitroprusside is useful in defining a high risk group . J Am Coll Cardiol . 1992;19:48–54
  57. Steinman TI , Becker BN , Frost AE , et al.   Guidelines for the referral and management of patients eligible for solid organ transplantation . Transplantation . 2001;71:1189–1204
  58. Cimato TR , Jessup M . Recipient selection in cardiac transplantation: contraindications and risk factors for mortality . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2002;21:1161–1173
  59. Laks H , Marelli D , Fonarow GC , et al.   Use of two recipient lists for adults requiring heart transplantation . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 2003;125:49–59
  60. Blanche C , Blanche DA , Kearney B , et al.   Heart transplantation in patients seventy years of age and older: a comparative analysis of outcome . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 2001;121:532–541
  61. Zuckermann A , Dunkler D , Deviatko E , et al.   Long-term survival (>10 years) of patients >60 years with induction therapy after cardiac transplantation . Eur J Cardiothorac Surg . 2003;24:283–291
  62. Demers P , Moffatt S , Oyer PE , Hunt SA , Reitz BA , Robbins RC . Long-term results of heart transplantation in patients older than 60 years . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 2003;126:224–231
  63. Kobashigawa JA . Early and late complications in the elderly heart transplant recipient . Cardiol Elderly . 1996;4:15–21
  64. Peraira JR , Segovia J , Fuentes R , et al.   Differential characteristics of heart transplantation in patients older than 60 years . Transplant Proc . 2003;35:1959–1961
  65. Taylor DO , Edwards LB , Mohacsi PJ , et al.   The registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: twentieth official adult heart transplant report—2003 . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2003;22:616–624
  66. Bull DA , Karwande SV , Hawkins JA , et al.   Long-term results of cardiac transplantation in patients older than sixty years (UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program) . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 1996;111:423–427
  67. Borkon AM , Muehlebach GF , Jones PG , et al.   An analysis of the effect of age on survival after heart transplant . J Heart Lung Transplant . 1999;18:668–674
  68. Edwards NM , Prager KM . Nothing is fair or good alone . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 2003;125:23–24
  69. Fasol R , Schindler M , Schumacher B , et al.   The influence of obesity on perioperative morbidity: retrospective study of 502 aortocoronary bypass operations . Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 1992;40:126–129
  70. Birkmeyer NJ , Charlesworth DC , Hernandez F , et al.  Northern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Group   Obesity and risk of adverse outcomes associated with coronary artery bypass surgery . Circulation . 1998;97:1689–1694
  71. Rohs T , Polanski P , Just SC , Gordon W , Just-Viera JO . Early complications and long-term survival in severely obese coronary bypass patients . Am Surg . 1995;61:949–953
  72. Lietz K , John R , Burke EA , et al.   Pretransplant cachexia and morbid obesity are predictors of increased mortality after heart transplantation . Transplantation . 2001;72:277–283
  73. Winters GL , Kendall TJ , Radio SJ , et al.   Posttransplant obesity and hyperlipidemia: major predictors of severity of coronary arteriopathy in failed human heart allografts . J Heart Transplant . 1990;9:364–371
  74. Grady KL , White-Williams C , Naftel D , et al.  Cardiac Transplant Research Database (CTRD) Group   Are preoperative obesity and cachexia risk factors for post heart transplant morbidity and mortality: a multi-institutional study of preoperative weight–height indices . J Heart Lung Transplant . 1998;18:750–763
  75. Taylor DO , Edwards LB , Boucek MM , Trulock EP , Keck BM , Hertz MI . The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: twenty-first official adult heart transplant report—2004 . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2004;23:796–803
  76. Kocher AA , Ankersmit J , Khazen C , et al.   Effect of obesity on outcome after cardiac transplantation . Transplant Proc . 1999;31:3187–3189
  77. Koerner MM , Tenderich G , Minami K , et al.   Results of heart transplantation in patients with preexisting malignancies . Am J Cardiol . 1997;79:988–991
  78. Oechslin E , Kiowski W , Schneider J , Follath F , Turina M , Gallino A . Pretransplant malignancy in candidates and posttransplant malignancy in recipients of cardiac transplantation . Ann Oncol . 1996;7:1059–1063
  79. Grande AM , Rinaldi M , Sinelli S , D’Armini AM , Vigano M . Heart transplantation in chemotherapeutic dilated cardiomyopathy . Transplant Proc . 2003;35:1516–1518
  80. Dillon TA , Sullivan M , Schatzlein MH , et al.   Cardiac transplantation in patients with preexisting malignancies . Transplantation . 1991;52:82–85
  81. Edwards BS , Hunt SA , Fowler MB , Valantine HA , Stinson EB , Schroeder JS . Cardiac transplantation in patients with preexisting neoplastic diseases . Am J Cardiol . 1990;65:501–504
  82. Thoracic Organ Transplantation Study Group of the German Society of Cardiology–Heart and Lung Research . Indications, contraindications and differential therapeutic alternatives in heart transplantation (Current status and results of a survey by the German Transplantation Programs) . Z Kardiol . 1996;85:519–527
  83. Munoz E , Lonquist JL , Radovancevic B , et al.   Long-term results in diabetic patients undergoing heart transplantation . J Heart Lung Transplant . 1992;11:943–949
  84. Ladowski JS , Kormos RL , Uretsky BF , Griffith BP , Armitage JM , Hardesty RL . Heart transplantation in diabetic recipients . Transplantation . 1990;49:303–305
  85. Radovancevic B , Konuralp C , Vrtovec B , et al.   Factors predicting 10-year survival after heart transplantation . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2005;24:156–159
  86. Morgan JA , John R , Weinberg AD , Colletti NJ , Mancini DM , Edwards NM . Heart transplantation in diabetic recipients: a decade review of 161 patients at Columbia Presbyterian . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 2004;127:1486–1492
  87. Bourge RC , Naftel DC , Costanzo-Nordin MR , et al.  The Transplant Cardiologists Research Database Group   Pretransplantation risk factors for death after heart transplantation: a multiinstitutional study . J Heart Lung Transplant . 1993;12:549–562
  88. Blanche C , Valenza M , Czer LS , et al.   Combined heart and kidney transplantation with allografts from the same donor . Ann Thorac Surg . 1994;58:1135–1138
  89. Zerkowski HR , Erhard J . Herz und Nierentransplantation . In:  Brass H ,  Philipp T ,  Schulz W editor. Manuale nephrologicum . Munich: Dustri; 1994;p. 8
  90. Livi U , Milano A , Bortolotti U , Casula R , Zenati M , Casarotto D . Results of heart transplantation by extending recipient selection criteria . J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) . 1994;35:377–382
  91. Erdoes LS , Hunter GC , Venerus BJ , et al.   Prospective evaluation of peripheral vascular disease in heart transplant recipients . J Vasc Surg . 1995;22:434–440
  92. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Annual smoking—attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs—United States, 1995–1999 . Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep . 2002;51:300–303
  93. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Health, United States, 2003 with chartbook on trends in the health of Americans . Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2003;
  94. Gallus S , Pacifici R , Colombo P , et al.   Smoking in Italy 2003, with a focus on the young . Tumori . 2004;90:171–174
  95. Orth SR . Effects of smoking on systemic and intrarenal hemodynamics: influence on renal function . J Am Soc Nephrol . 2004;15(suppl 1):S58–S63
  96. Radovancevic B , Poindexter S , Birovljev S , et al.   Risk factors for development of accelerated coronary artery disease in cardiac transplant recipients . Eur J Cardiothorac Surg . 1990;4:309–312
  97. Mehra MR , Uber PA , Prasad A , Scott RL , Park MH . Recrudescent tobacco exposure following heart transplantation: clinical profiles and relationship with athero-thrombosis risk markers . Am J Transplant . 2005;5:1137–1140
  98. Basile A , Bernazzali S , Diciolla F , et al.   Risk factors for smoking abuse after heart transplantation . Transplant Proc . 2004;36:641–642
  99. He J , Vupputuri S , Allen K , Prerost MR , Hughes J , Whelton PK . Passive smoking and the risk of coronary heart disease—a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies . N Engl J Med . 1999;340:920–926
  100. Vineis P , Airoldi L , Veglia P , et al.   Environmental tobacco smoke and risk of respiratory cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in former smokers and never smokers in the EPIC prospective study . BMJ . 2005;330:277
  101. Miller CE , Ratner PA , Johnson JL . Reducing cardiovascular risk: identifying predictors of smoking relapse . Can J Cardiovasc Nurs . 2003;13:7–12
  102. Gilman SE , Abrams DB , Buka SL . Socioeconomic status over the life course and stages of cigarette use: initiation, regular use, and cessation . J Epidemiol Commun Health . 2003;57:802–808
  103. Paperwalla KN , Levin TT , Weiner J , Saravay SM . Smoking and depression . Med Clin N Am . 2004;88:1483
  104. Swan GE , Jack LM , Curry S , et al.   Bupropion SR and counseling for smoking cessation in actual practice: predictors of outcome . Nicotine Tob Res . 2003;5:911–921
  105. Fernandez-Sola J , Nicolas JM , Oriola J , et al.   Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism is associated with vulnerability to alcoholic cardiomyopathy . Ann Intern Med . 2002;137:321–326
  106. Fernandez-Sola J , Nicolas-Arfelis JM . Gender differences in alcoholic cardiomyopathy . J Gend Specif Med . 2002;5:41–47
  107. Gunzerath L , Faden V , Zakhari S , Warren K . National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism report on moderate drinking . Alcohol Clin Exp Res . 2004;28:829–847
  108. Knopik VS , Heath AC , Madden PA , et al.   Genetic effects on alcohol dependence risk: re-evaluating the importance of psychiatric and other heritable risk factors . Psychol Med . 2004;34:1519–1530
  109. Sampson HW . Alcohol’s harmful effects on bone . Alcohol Health Res World . 1998;22:190–194
  110. Epstein M . Alcohol’s impact on kidney function . Alcohol Health Res World . 1997;21:84–92
  111. Bode C , Bode JC . Alcohol’s role in gastrointestinal tract disorders . Alcohol Health Res World . 1997;21:76–83
  112. Jennison KM . The short-term effects and unintended long-term consequences of binge drinking in college: a 10-year follow-up study . Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse . 2004;30:659–684
  113. Pletcher MJ , Varosy P , Kiefe CI , Lewis CE , Sidney S , Hulley SB . Alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and early coronary calcification: findings from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study . Am J Epidemiol . 2005;161:423–433
  114. McKinney A , Coyle K . Next day effects of a normal night’s drinking on memory and psychomotor performance . Alcohol Alcohol . 2004;39:509–513
  115. Miguet M , Monnet E , Vanlemmens C , et al.   Predictive factors of alcohol relapse after orthotopic liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease . Gastroenterol Clin Biol . 2004;28:845–851
  116. Olbrisch ME , Levenson JL . Psychosocial evaluation of heart transplant candidates: an international survey of process, criteria, and outcomes . J Heart Lung Transplant . 1991;10:948–955
  117. Levenson JL , Olbrisch ME . Psychosocial evaluation of organ transplant candidates (A comparative survey of process, criteria, and outcomes in heart, liver, and kidney transplantation) . Psychosomatics . 1993;34:314–323
  118. Paris W , Muchmore J , Pribil A , Zuhdi N , Cooper DK . Study of the relative incidences of psychosocial factors before and after heart transplantation and the influence of posttransplantation psychosocial factors on heart transplantation outcome . J Heart Lung Transplant . 1994;13:424–430
  119. Harper RG , Chacko RC , Kotik-Harper D , Young J , Gotto J . Self-report evaluation of health behavior, stress vulnerability, and medical outcome of heart transplant recipients . Psychosom Med . 1998;60:563–569
  120. Shapiro PA , Williams DL , Foray AT , Gelman IS , Wukich N , Sciacca R . Psychosocial evaluation and prediction of compliance problems and morbidity after heart transplantation . Transplantation . 1995;60:1462–1466
  121. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification . Am J Kidney Dis . 2002;39(suppl 1):S1–S266
  122. Rule AD , Larson TS , Bergstralh EJ , Slezak JM , Jacobsen SJ , Cosio FG . Using serum creatinine to estimate glomerular filtration rate: accuracy in good health and in chronic kidney disease . Ann Intern Med . 2004;141:929–937
  123. Levey AS , Coresh J , Balk E , et al.   National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification . Ann Intern Med . 2003;139:137–147
  124. American Cancer Society. Prevention and early detection: ACS cancer detection guidelines. http://www cancer org/docroot/PED/content/PED_2_3X_ACS_Cancer_Detection_Guidelines_36 asp?sitearea=PED (27 December 2005).
  125. Jimenez J , Bennett EL , Higgins R , Bauerlein J , Pham S , Mallon S . Should stable UNOS Status 2 patients be transplanted? . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2005;24:178–183
  126. Lewis EF , Tsang SW , Fang JC , et al.   Frequency and impact of delayed decisions regarding heart transplantation on long-term outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure . J Am Coll Cardiol . 2004;43:794–802
  127. Deng MC , Smits JM , Young JB . Proposition: the benefit of cardiac transplantation in stable outpatients with heart failure should be tested in a randomized trial . J Heart Lung Transplant . 2003;22:113–117
  128. van den Hout WB , Smits JM , Deng MC , et al.   The heart-allocation simulation model: a tool for comparison of transplantation allocation policies . Transplantation . 2003;76:1492–1497

 Reprint requests: Amanda Rowe, Executive Director, ISHLT, 14673 Midway Road, Suite 200, Addison, TX 75001. E-mail: amanda.rowe@ishlt.org

PII: S1053-2498(06)00460-8

doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2006.06.008

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
Volume 25, Issue 9 , Pages 1024-1042 , September 2006

Article Tools